r:path_analysis
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| r:path_analysis [2022/11/15 13:17] – [Lavaan in R: explanation] hkimscil | r:path_analysis [2024/11/04 01:28] (current) – [Introduction] hkimscil | ||
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| ====== Path Analysis ====== | ====== Path Analysis ====== | ||
| + | {{: | ||
| ====== Introduction ====== | ====== Introduction ====== | ||
| {{youtube> | {{youtube> | ||
| Line 15: | Line 16: | ||
| * The number of unique (non-redundent) source of information | * The number of unique (non-redundent) source of information | ||
| * $p(p+1)/2$ | * $p(p+1)/2$ | ||
| - | | + | |
| - | * Just-identified (df = 0) | + | * Just-identified (df = 0) |
| - | * Model can be estimated, but cannot be assessed | + | * Model can be estimated, but cannot be assessed |
| - | * Over-identified (df > 0) | + | * Over-identified (df > 0) |
| - | * Model can be estimated and assessed | + | * Model can be estimated and assessed |
| - | * Under-identified (df < 0) | + | * Under-identified (df < 0) |
| - | * Model cannot be either estimated or assessed | + | * Model cannot be either estimated or assessed |
| * Exogenous and | * Exogenous and | ||
| Line 114: | Line 115: | ||
| # my own | # my own | ||
| # pbt model | # pbt model | ||
| - | specmod5 <- " | + | specmod5 <- ' |
| # Directional relations (path) | # Directional relations (path) | ||
| - | intention ~ attitude + norms + control | + | intention ~ a*attitude + b*norms + c*control |
| - | behavior ~ intention | + | behavior ~ d*intention |
| # Covariances | # Covariances | ||
| attitude ~~ norms + control | attitude ~~ norms + control | ||
| norms ~~ control | norms ~~ control | ||
| - | " | + | ad := a*d |
| + | bd := b*d | ||
| + | cd := c*d | ||
| + | ' | ||
| fitmod5 <- sem(specmod5, | fitmod5 <- sem(specmod5, | ||
| summary(fitmod5, | summary(fitmod5, | ||
| Line 551: | Line 555: | ||
| ===== Lavaan in R: explanation ===== | ===== Lavaan in R: explanation ===== | ||
| - | |||
| {{youtube> | {{youtube> | ||
| Path analysis in R with Lavaan (introduction) | Path analysis in R with Lavaan (introduction) | ||
| Line 629: | Line 632: | ||
| * Step 2: Use ' | * Step 2: Use ' | ||
| < | < | ||
| - | fit< | + | fit< |
| </ | </ | ||
| * The ' | * The ' | ||
| < | < | ||
| - | summary(fit, | + | summary(fit, |
| </ | </ | ||
| * To obtain standardized estimates, use the ' | * To obtain standardized estimates, use the ' | ||
| < | < | ||
| - | summary(fit, | + | summary(fit, |
| </ | </ | ||
| Line 655: | Line 658: | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| * Note: Modification indices represent the expected decrease in model chi-square after freeing a given parameter (Schumacker & Lomax, 2004). The EPC is an estimate of the model parameter itself. A MI value of 3.84 or greater may be considered " | * Note: Modification indices represent the expected decrease in model chi-square after freeing a given parameter (Schumacker & Lomax, 2004). The EPC is an estimate of the model parameter itself. A MI value of 3.84 or greater may be considered " | ||
| + | |||
| + | output | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | > # install.packages(" | ||
| + | > | ||
| + | > # processdata< | ||
| + | > processdata< | ||
| + | + header=TRUE, | ||
| + | > | ||
| + | > str(processdata) | ||
| + | ' | ||
| + | $ id : int 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ... | ||
| + | $ ses : int 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 ... | ||
| + | $ genderid: int 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 ... | ||
| + | $ perfgoal: num 29.5 29.5 30.4 33.5 28.7 ... | ||
| + | $ achieve : num 6.12 1.62 4.5 2.38 5.12 ... | ||
| + | $ mastery : num 5.71 1.43 1.29 2.29 4.57 ... | ||
| + | $ interest: num 6 4 2 4 5.5 4 4 5 4.5 4 ... | ||
| + | $ anxiety : num 1.67 6.33 3.67 3.67 3.67 ... | ||
| + | $ pgoal_MS: int 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 ... | ||
| + | > library(lavaan) | ||
| + | > | ||
| + | > # model specification | ||
| + | > model <- ' | ||
| + | + # equation where interest is predicted by ses | ||
| + | + # & mastery and performance goals | ||
| + | + | ||
| + | + | ||
| + | + # equation where achieve is predicted by | ||
| + | + # interest and anxiety | ||
| + | + | ||
| + | + | ||
| + | + # equation where anxiety is predicted | ||
| + | + # by mastery and performance goals | ||
| + | + | ||
| + | + | ||
| + | + # estimating the variances of | ||
| + | + # the exogenous variables (ses, mastery, | ||
| + | + | ||
| + | + | ||
| + | + ses ~~ ses | ||
| + | + | ||
| + | + # estimtating the covariances of the exogenous | ||
| + | + # variables (ses, mastery, | ||
| + | + | ||
| + | + | ||
| + | + | ||
| + | + # estimating the residual variances | ||
| + | + # for endogenous variables (interest, anxiety, achieve) | ||
| + | + | ||
| + | + | ||
| + | + | ||
| + | + | ||
| + | + # estimating the covariance of residuals | ||
| + | + # for interest and anxiety | ||
| + | + | ||
| + | > | ||
| + | > fit< | ||
| + | > summary(fit, | ||
| + | lavaan 0.6.16 ended normally after 27 iterations | ||
| + | |||
| + | Estimator | ||
| + | Optimization method | ||
| + | Number of model parameters | ||
| + | |||
| + | Number of observations | ||
| + | |||
| + | Model Test User Model: | ||
| + | | ||
| + | Test statistic | ||
| + | Degrees of freedom | ||
| + | P-value (Chi-square) | ||
| + | |||
| + | Model Test Baseline Model: | ||
| + | |||
| + | Test statistic | ||
| + | Degrees of freedom | ||
| + | P-value | ||
| + | |||
| + | User Model versus Baseline Model: | ||
| + | |||
| + | Comparative Fit Index (CFI) 0.860 | ||
| + | Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) 0.300 | ||
| + | |||
| + | Loglikelihood and Information Criteria: | ||
| + | |||
| + | Loglikelihood user model (H0) -1391.274 | ||
| + | Loglikelihood unrestricted model (H1) -1376.659 | ||
| + | | ||
| + | Akaike (AIC) 2818.548 | ||
| + | Bayesian (BIC) 2871.498 | ||
| + | Sample-size adjusted Bayesian (SABIC) | ||
| + | |||
| + | Root Mean Square Error of Approximation: | ||
| + | |||
| + | RMSEA 0.250 | ||
| + | 90 Percent confidence interval - lower 0.172 | ||
| + | 90 Percent confidence interval - upper 0.336 | ||
| + | P-value H_0: RMSEA <= 0.050 0.000 | ||
| + | P-value H_0: RMSEA >= 0.080 1.000 | ||
| + | |||
| + | Standardized Root Mean Square Residual: | ||
| + | |||
| + | SRMR 0.074 | ||
| + | |||
| + | Parameter Estimates: | ||
| + | |||
| + | Standard errors | ||
| + | Information | ||
| + | Information saturated (h1) model Structured | ||
| + | |||
| + | Regressions: | ||
| + | | ||
| + | interest ~ | ||
| + | mastery | ||
| + | perfgoal | ||
| + | ses | ||
| + | achieve ~ | ||
| + | anxiety | ||
| + | interest | ||
| + | mastery | ||
| + | anxiety ~ | ||
| + | perfgoal | ||
| + | mastery | ||
| + | |||
| + | Covariances: | ||
| + | | ||
| + | mastery ~~ | ||
| + | perfgoal | ||
| + | ses | ||
| + | perfgoal ~~ | ||
| + | ses -0.226 | ||
| + | | ||
| + | | ||
| + | |||
| + | Variances: | ||
| + | | ||
| + | mastery | ||
| + | perfgoal | ||
| + | ses | ||
| + | | ||
| + | | ||
| + | | ||
| + | |||
| + | > summary(fit, | ||
| + | lavaan 0.6.16 ended normally after 27 iterations | ||
| + | |||
| + | Estimator | ||
| + | Optimization method | ||
| + | Number of model parameters | ||
| + | |||
| + | Number of observations | ||
| + | |||
| + | Model Test User Model: | ||
| + | | ||
| + | Test statistic | ||
| + | Degrees of freedom | ||
| + | P-value (Chi-square) | ||
| + | |||
| + | Model Test Baseline Model: | ||
| + | |||
| + | Test statistic | ||
| + | Degrees of freedom | ||
| + | P-value | ||
| + | |||
| + | User Model versus Baseline Model: | ||
| + | |||
| + | Comparative Fit Index (CFI) 0.860 | ||
| + | Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) 0.300 | ||
| + | |||
| + | Loglikelihood and Information Criteria: | ||
| + | |||
| + | Loglikelihood user model (H0) -1391.274 | ||
| + | Loglikelihood unrestricted model (H1) -1376.659 | ||
| + | | ||
| + | Akaike (AIC) 2818.548 | ||
| + | Bayesian (BIC) 2871.498 | ||
| + | Sample-size adjusted Bayesian (SABIC) | ||
| + | |||
| + | Root Mean Square Error of Approximation: | ||
| + | |||
| + | RMSEA 0.250 | ||
| + | 90 Percent confidence interval - lower 0.172 | ||
| + | 90 Percent confidence interval - upper 0.336 | ||
| + | P-value H_0: RMSEA <= 0.050 0.000 | ||
| + | P-value H_0: RMSEA >= 0.080 1.000 | ||
| + | |||
| + | Standardized Root Mean Square Residual: | ||
| + | |||
| + | SRMR 0.074 | ||
| + | |||
| + | Parameter Estimates: | ||
| + | |||
| + | Standard errors | ||
| + | Information | ||
| + | Information saturated (h1) model Structured | ||
| + | |||
| + | Regressions: | ||
| + | | ||
| + | interest ~ | ||
| + | mastery | ||
| + | perfgoal | ||
| + | ses | ||
| + | achieve ~ | ||
| + | anxiety | ||
| + | interest | ||
| + | mastery | ||
| + | anxiety ~ | ||
| + | perfgoal | ||
| + | mastery | ||
| + | |||
| + | Covariances: | ||
| + | | ||
| + | mastery ~~ | ||
| + | perfgoal | ||
| + | ses | ||
| + | perfgoal ~~ | ||
| + | ses -0.226 | ||
| + | | ||
| + | | ||
| + | |||
| + | Variances: | ||
| + | | ||
| + | mastery | ||
| + | perfgoal | ||
| + | ses | ||
| + | | ||
| + | | ||
| + | | ||
| + | |||
| + | R-Square: | ||
| + | | ||
| + | interest | ||
| + | anxiety | ||
| + | achieve | ||
| + | |||
| + | > | ||
| + | > parameterEstimates(fit) | ||
| + | lhs op rhs est se z pvalue ci.lower ci.upper | ||
| + | 1 interest | ||
| + | 2 interest | ||
| + | 3 interest | ||
| + | 4 | ||
| + | 5 | ||
| + | 6 | ||
| + | 7 | ||
| + | 8 | ||
| + | 9 | ||
| + | 10 perfgoal ~~ perfgoal | ||
| + | 11 ses ~~ ses 0.249 0.030 8.367 0.000 0.191 0.308 | ||
| + | 12 mastery ~~ perfgoal -0.935 0.361 -2.590 | ||
| + | 13 mastery ~~ ses 0.170 0.061 2.805 0.005 0.051 0.288 | ||
| + | 14 perfgoal ~~ ses -0.226 0.128 -1.768 | ||
| + | 15 interest ~~ interest | ||
| + | 16 anxiety ~~ anxiety | ||
| + | 17 achieve ~~ achieve | ||
| + | 18 interest ~~ anxiety | ||
| + | > fitMeasures(fit) | ||
| + | | ||
| + | | ||
| + | | ||
| + | 3.000 | ||
| + | baseline.df | ||
| + | | ||
| + | tli nnfi | ||
| + | 0.300 | ||
| + | nfi pnfi | ||
| + | 0.856 | ||
| + | rni logl | ||
| + | 0.860 | ||
| + | aic | ||
| + | | ||
| + | | ||
| + | | ||
| + | | ||
| + | 0.336 | ||
| + | | ||
| + | 0.050 | ||
| + | rmr rmr_nomean | ||
| + | 0.122 | ||
| + | | ||
| + | 0.074 | ||
| + | crmr_nomean | ||
| + | 0.088 | ||
| + | cn_05 | ||
| + | | ||
| + | | ||
| + | 0.587 | ||
| + | | ||
| + | 0.466 | ||
| + | > modificationIndices(fit) | ||
| + | lhs op rhs | ||
| + | 19 interest ~~ achieve 25.396 -2.899 | ||
| + | 23 achieve ~~ anxiety | ||
| + | 24 achieve ~~ mastery 22.476 -1.743 | ||
| + | 25 achieve ~~ perfgoal | ||
| + | 26 achieve ~~ ses 20.541 | ||
| + | 27 anxiety ~~ mastery | ||
| + | 28 anxiety ~~ perfgoal | ||
| + | 29 anxiety ~~ ses 0.921 -0.061 | ||
| + | 30 interest | ||
| + | 32 achieve | ||
| + | 33 achieve | ||
| + | 34 anxiety | ||
| + | 35 anxiety | ||
| + | 36 anxiety | ||
| + | 37 mastery | ||
| + | 38 mastery | ||
| + | 39 mastery | ||
| + | 43 perfgoal | ||
| + | 44 perfgoal | ||
| + | 47 ses ~ interest | ||
| + | 48 ses ~ achieve 20.964 | ||
| + | 49 ses ~ anxiety | ||
| + | > | ||
| + | > | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ||
| Line 687: | Line 1010: | ||
| interest~~anxiety' | interest~~anxiety' | ||
| - | fit< | + | fit< |
| - | summary(fit, | + | summary(fit, |
| </ | </ | ||
| Line 747: | Line 1070: | ||
| CODING | CODING | ||
| < | < | ||
| - | processdata <- read.csv(" | + | processdata< |
| + | | ||
| str(processdata) | str(processdata) | ||
| library(lavaan) | library(lavaan) | ||
| Line 767: | Line 1091: | ||
| interest~~anxiety | interest~~anxiety | ||
| ' | ' | ||
| - | fit <- lavaan(model. data=processdata) | + | fit <- lavaan(model, data=processdata) |
| - | fit <- sem(model. data=processdata) | + | fit <- sem(model, data=processdata) |
| summary(fit, | summary(fit, | ||
| Line 910: | Line 1234: | ||
| see [[https:// | see [[https:// | ||
| + | ===== Exercise ===== | ||
| + | Using mtcars in R | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | ?mtcars | ||
| + | mtcars | ||
| + | str(mtcars) | ||
| + | df <- mtcars | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | # model specfication | ||
| + | model <-' | ||
| + | mpg ~ hp + gear + cyl + disp + carb + am + wt | ||
| + | hp ~ cyl + disp + carb | ||
| + | ' | ||
| + | # model fit | ||
| + | fit <- cfa(model, data = mtcars) | ||
| + | summary(fit, | ||
| + | semPaths(fit, | ||
| + | </ | ||
r/path_analysis.1668518226.txt.gz · Last modified: by hkimscil
