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| | [[https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/military-history-and-science/analysis-war-worlds-radio-broadcast| see an article]] |
| | * "Radio Listeners in Panic, Taking War Drama as Fact; Many Flee Homes to Escape 'Gas Raid From Mars'—Phone Calls Swamp Police at Broadcast of Wells Fantasy" ((https://www.nytimes.com/1938/10/31/archives/radio-listeners-in-panic-taking-war-drama-as-fact-many-flee-homes.html)) |
| | * "A wave of mass hysteria seized thousands of radio listeners throughout the nation between 8:15 and 9:30 o'clock last night when a broadcast of a dramatization of H. G. Wells's fantasy, 'The War of the Worlds,' led thousands to believe that an interstellar conflict had started with invading Martians spreading death and destruction in New Jersey and New York.""In Harlem, more than thirty people arrived at the West 123d Street police station with their belongings packed in trunks and boxes, ready to evacuate. Elsewhere, police received panicked inquiries saying, 'They’re bombing New Jersey! Get us out!'" |
| | * The Boston Globe: "Radio Play Terrifies Nation" ((https://www.wsj.com/articles/richard-j-tofel-on-orson-welles-and-the-art-of-fake-news-1431645339)) |
| | * "A single radio program accomplished what no foreign enemy could, striking sudden and absolute terror into the hearts of families from New England to the West Coast. Disclaimers were missed as thousands tuned in late, mistaking the brilliant performance of Orson Welles for an actual, catastrophic emergency broadcast." ((https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/war-of-the-worlds-behind-the-panic)) |
| | * The New York Daily News: "Fake 'War' on Radio Spreads Panic over U.S." ((https://www.wsj.com/articles/richard-j-tofel-on-orson-welles-and-the-art-of-fake-news-1431645339)) |
| | * "Terrified listeners blocked highways, swamped police switchboards, and flooded hospitals, convinced that a literal invasion from Mars was destroying the East Coast. Amidst pre-war anxieties and the hyper-realistic nature of the simulated news flashes, the nation was gripped by a synthetic nightmare." |
| | * The Haverhill Gazette (Massachusetts): "U.S. Investigates—Wells in Blast at Radio Stunt" ((https://whav.net/2025/10/29/the-night-the-martian-death-ray-missed-haverhill/)) |
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| Welles 와 CBS는 프로그램 중간에 방송이 허구임을 설명하였으므로 심각한 처벌은 없었지만, 이를 계기로 Welles는 미의회의 청문회에 나가게 되었다. 이 방송을 시작으로 CBS는 다시는 "정규방송을 잠시 중단하겠습니다. . . ." 형식을 사용하지 않을 것을 약속하기도 하였다. 2년 뒤, 캘리포니아, 산디에고의 지역방송은 Welles와 Wells의 만남을 방송하기도 하였다. | Welles 와 CBS는 프로그램 중간에 방송이 허구임을 설명하였으므로 심각한 처벌은 없었지만, 이를 계기로 Welles는 미의회의 청문회에 나가게 되었다. 이 방송을 시작으로 CBS는 다시는 "정규방송을 잠시 중단하겠습니다. . . ." 형식을 사용하지 않을 것을 약속하기도 하였다. 2년 뒤, 캘리포니아, 산디에고의 지역방송은 Welles와 Wells의 만남을 방송하기도 하였다. |
